Many HSI members are already aware that vitamin E is an effective prostate cancer fighter. Now a new study shows that two specific tocopherol forms of this vitamin may provide especially potent preventive effects.

As reported at the recent annual meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research, scientists from the National Cancer Institute (NCI) and other prominent research centers reviewed data from 300 subjects enrolled in a large cancer-preventive study conducted in Finland.

Earlier research of the Finland data showed that men who took 50 mg of alpha-tocopherol vitamin E daily for more than five years reduced their prostate cancer risk by almost a third. The recent NCI study expanded on that research. Data was collected on 200 men who were prostate cancer-free, and 100 who were diagnosed with the disease. Blood samples revealed that men with the highest levels of alpha- tocopherol lowered their risk of prostate cancer by more than 50 percent, while those with the highest levels of gamma-tocopherol lowered their risk by nearly 40 percent.

Reporting on this study, BBC News stated that vitamin E supplements were not among the best absorbed forms of alpha- tocopherol, compared to vitamin E-rich foods (listed in the study as "almonds, spinach, mustard greens, green and red peppers and sunflower seeds"). No doubt, unprocessed sources of fresh food provide the most complete and absorbable vitamins in most cases. But that doesn't mean a vitamin E supplement isn't effective. In fact, the abstract for this study (the full report isn't published yet) states that the group of men in the Finland trial who received a vitamin E supplement and who also had the highest serum vitamin E levels at the outset of the trial, were at the lowest risk of prostate cancer when compared to any other group.

-------------------------------------------------------------- Getting the forms right --------------------------------------------------------------

A quick word on tocopherol forms of vitamin E... There are three known tocopherols: alpha, beta and gamma. Alpha-tocopherol (sometimes listed as d-alpha-tocopherol) is the most common form in vitamin E supplements. D-alpha is the natural form. Dl-alpha is a synthetic form that should be avoided for internal use.

So if you're currently taking a d-alpha-tocopherol vitamin E supplement (or a formulation containing this form), you don't need to change a thing. But you might consider adding beta and gamma tocopherols to provide a balanced intake of the forms. As the NCI study implies, the protection against prostate cancer that vitamin E offers would appear to be enhanced by combining the alpha and gamma forms.

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Perfect pair --------------------------------------------------------------

Of course, no discussion of prostate cancer prevention would be complete without a mention of selenium.

In the e-Alert "Trace Mineral Key to Preventing Prostate Cancer" (12/5/01), I told you about a Stanford University study that demonstrated how men with low blood levels of selenium are four to five times more likely to develop prostate cancer than men with normal levels of the mineral. The study also confirmed that selenium levels decrease as men age - mirroring the fact that prostate risk steadily rises as men age.

If you're a man over the age of 50, ask your doctor to test your plasma selenium level. The Stanford study suggests that a safe level is between 10.8 and 18.2 mcg/dl. If your level falls below that range, you can incorporate foods that contain selenium into your diet with fruits and vegetables (if grown in selenium-rich soil), beef, tuna, turkey, chicken, eggs and whole wheat bread. Brazil nuts contain more selenium than any other food: 840 mcg of selenium per ounce. Selenium supplements are also easily found in health food stores and through Internet sources.

Besides the fact that selenium has excellent antioxidant properties that have been shown to help increase insulin efficiency, selenium also enhances the effect of vitamin E, making it a perfect match for any vitamin E regimen designed to help prevent prostate cancer.

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